Thermodynamics, isotherms, and mechanisms studies of lithium recovery from seawater desalination reverse osmosis brine using roasted and ferrocyanide modified date pits

In this study, the adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic studies of lithium ions from seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination brine were investigated. Three adsorbents utilized namely, roasted date pits (RDP), potassium copper, nickel hexacyanoferrate-date (RDP-FC-Cu RDP-FC-Ni). The prepared showed enhanced morphological chemical structures such as high porosity, carbonaceous composition, larger pore volume sizes, smaller particle sizes well presence unique functional groups on their surface. onto three was with an increase in solution temperature initial concentration. that highest 45 °C. at concentration 100 mg/L. achieved capacity around 99 mg/g optimum On other hand, RDP-FC-Cu capacities for all studied concentrations. study process is endothermic, spontaneous, favorable temperatures (25 °C, 35 °C). Moreover, followed Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Temkin isotherm models differently each temperature. For RDP, Freundlich model 25 while it more fitted to Langmuir °C Dubinin–Radushkevich best fit RDP-FC-Ni desorption presented 99% percentages adsorbents, which great regeneration potential adsorbents. Furthermore, selectivity 99.9% removal SWRO RDP 99.8% 99.3% removals, respectively. Finally, cost analysis revealed total preparation adsorbent 29.81 USD. • thermodynamics lithium. sizes. increased by metal Adsorption endothermic spontaneous. Desorption